camera obscura
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How to make a camera obscura.
To make the camera obscura we need only need 6 things , 2 tubes, a thin piece of tracing paper, a black card and tape to hold it together and a pin. Step 1 is to get your tubes and make sure they are the same size in diameter and that is important for the final image. Step 2 is to get the tracing paper and cover one of the ends of one of the tubes, then you tape it to stay but make sure you don't cover the paper with the tape. Step 3 is to get the other tube and cover the end of that one with black card and make sure to tape it well so that it stays. Step 4 you tape the 2 tubes together and make sure that the paper and card are both facing up or else you won't get an image. Step 5 last but not least make a tiny pinhole in the black card and you should be good to go and try getting an image. Step 6 enjoy the camera and have fun with some different views through it. |
-What does the word ‘photography’ mean?
*The word photography comes from two Greek words, "phōtos" meaning light and "graphē" meaning drawing/writing.
-What does the Latin phrase ‘camera obscura’ mean?
*The Latin phrase "camera obscura" translates to "dark chamber" in English, this refers to a room/device that uses light waves to project an image onto the "wall" of the room/device used.
-Who originally discovered the camera obscura?
*The camera obscura was "discovered" by various ancient scholars but it was later popularized during the Renaissance period by artists and scientists such as Leonardo Da Vinci.
-How did artists in the Renaissance use the camera obscura?
*During the Renaissance artists used the camera obscura to project images and help them draw and paint with more accuracy, improving proportions and lighting in their artwork, this also caused their art to look more realistic.
-What happened when people added a lens (instead of a simple pinhole) to a camera obscura?
*When people added lenses to the obscura, it made the projected image brighter and sharper. This made the artists lives easier as they would now have a more accurate image and this also played a vital role in the development of photography.
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*The word photography comes from two Greek words, "phōtos" meaning light and "graphē" meaning drawing/writing.
-What does the Latin phrase ‘camera obscura’ mean?
*The Latin phrase "camera obscura" translates to "dark chamber" in English, this refers to a room/device that uses light waves to project an image onto the "wall" of the room/device used.
-Who originally discovered the camera obscura?
*The camera obscura was "discovered" by various ancient scholars but it was later popularized during the Renaissance period by artists and scientists such as Leonardo Da Vinci.
-How did artists in the Renaissance use the camera obscura?
*During the Renaissance artists used the camera obscura to project images and help them draw and paint with more accuracy, improving proportions and lighting in their artwork, this also caused their art to look more realistic.
-What happened when people added a lens (instead of a simple pinhole) to a camera obscura?
*When people added lenses to the obscura, it made the projected image brighter and sharper. This made the artists lives easier as they would now have a more accurate image and this also played a vital role in the development of photography.
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The pinhole camera
-Equipment needed:
*Scissors, *Black 3M tape, *A can or a small box, *Sanding paper, *Piece of a can. |
-Step by step:
*Step 1: Thoroughly clean the container of choice and make sure there's nothing inside, *Step 2: Make a small square hole on the side no bigger than 2cm *Step 3: Get the little piece of a can and stick it on the inner side of the container to cover the hole, make sure its light shut. *Step 4: If the lid is see-through, cover it in black tape to not let any light in. *Step 5: Make a flap for the hole and make a tiny pin-hole using only the tip of the pin to make it as small as possible. *Step 6: Spray paint the inside with black paint and enjoy the experience. |
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In total I've taken 3 images that consist off of 2 concourse images and one off of the basket-ball court. I chose these locations as i really liked the way the lighting was on the the concourse and the basketball court at the time. Also the scenery around the basket-ball court Is very unique compared to the concourse where it is quite bland consisting off of just a couple trees and mostly paths. The images are very different to what most people are used to as they have a different contrast to what people are used to. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
Pinhole Photography Evaluation
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Pinhole cameras are very interesting as they use light rays straight onto direct positive paper which takes in the light and imprints the image onto itself. The steps to take a picture using a pinhole camera are quite straight to the point, first you need to insert the direct positive paper into the camera in a dark room when the paper wont be able to get exposed to light and make sure its facing the pinhole, next you would need to take it outside or a place where it can absorb light such as a bright room, then you need to open the shutter from roughly 5-10 seconds and make sure you don't obstruct the view at all when opening or closing the shutter and after the time passed close it shut. Once the image is taken, you have to develop the photo using 3 different chemicals:
= A developing agent (such as hydroquinone),
= A alkaline agent (such as sodium carbonate),
= A preservative (such as sodium sulfite).
These chemicals let you bring the image out and so that you can see it, but you have to make sure to put the image into each chemical for at least 30 seconds, another thing you have to make sure to do is make sure you do it all in a dark room so that you don't expose the paper to more light which will ruin the image. Once you do each chemical for at least 30 seconds, you will then rinse it in water and leave it to dry for roughly a minute or two.
When dried you will see a image that is inverted, the last step is to take the image and invert the polarity. You can do this is in many programs but photoshop is recommended.
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Pinhole cameras are very interesting as they use light rays straight onto direct positive paper which takes in the light and imprints the image onto itself. The steps to take a picture using a pinhole camera are quite straight to the point, first you need to insert the direct positive paper into the camera in a dark room when the paper wont be able to get exposed to light and make sure its facing the pinhole, next you would need to take it outside or a place where it can absorb light such as a bright room, then you need to open the shutter from roughly 5-10 seconds and make sure you don't obstruct the view at all when opening or closing the shutter and after the time passed close it shut. Once the image is taken, you have to develop the photo using 3 different chemicals:
= A developing agent (such as hydroquinone),
= A alkaline agent (such as sodium carbonate),
= A preservative (such as sodium sulfite).
These chemicals let you bring the image out and so that you can see it, but you have to make sure to put the image into each chemical for at least 30 seconds, another thing you have to make sure to do is make sure you do it all in a dark room so that you don't expose the paper to more light which will ruin the image. Once you do each chemical for at least 30 seconds, you will then rinse it in water and leave it to dry for roughly a minute or two.
When dried you will see a image that is inverted, the last step is to take the image and invert the polarity. You can do this is in many programs but photoshop is recommended.
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Peter Wiklund
READING AND ANALYSING PHOTOGRAPHS
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-My first impressions were that Peter Wiklund has a unique style in a good way but also a very different look at photography than most people are used to.
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-You can find these images when you search for Peter Wiklund and go onto his website in which there are many images with different styles.
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-I found loads of interesting images but the 6 that I picked stood out to me as a interesting view at what's possible with photography.
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-Peter Wiklund does pinhole photography which itself is an interesting method to take photos, he does very interesting photos of a blurred figure and different abstract patterns which is an interesting concept if i do say so myself. These photos don’t t all have an exact date that they had been taken but they all have a similar style. These images may not have any relevant information to do with history but they sure do convey a story.
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-My first impressions were that Peter Wiklund has a unique style in a good way but also a very different look at photography than most people are used to.
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-You can find these images when you search for Peter Wiklund and go onto his website in which there are many images with different styles.
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-I found loads of interesting images but the 6 that I picked stood out to me as a interesting view at what's possible with photography.
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-Peter Wiklund does pinhole photography which itself is an interesting method to take photos, he does very interesting photos of a blurred figure and different abstract patterns which is an interesting concept if i do say so myself. These photos don’t t all have an exact date that they had been taken but they all have a similar style. These images may not have any relevant information to do with history but they sure do convey a story.
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Abelardo Morell
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=I personally really like Abelardo Morell's photographs as he has a very unique look that he's trying to achieve within such a simple yet complex image. The fact that Mr Morell can produce such a story telling image is incredible for even the current times that we live in. =I really like the top left picture on the gallery that i added because it has a unique perspective that is very different from what I'm used to, I'm used to a 2d like view in a photo whereas that image has a really different almost 3d like image. “I started making photographs as if I were a child myself. This got me to look at things more closely, more slowly, and from vantage points I hadn't considered before.” -- Abelardo Morell -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
analysing Vjeko Sager's photographs
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Vjeko Sager is a croation artists who gained fame for his experimental/mixed media. Merging traditional painting with cutting-edge digital techniques, he created a fascinating global visual language. Sager's journey began with immersive art installations, redefining conventional art. His dynamic compositions, exhibited internationally and gained many new followers to Vjeko's art. A maverick in the art world, Vjeko Sager leaves an indelible mark on present-day creativity.
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Vjeko Sager is a croation artists who gained fame for his experimental/mixed media. Merging traditional painting with cutting-edge digital techniques, he created a fascinating global visual language. Sager's journey began with immersive art installations, redefining conventional art. His dynamic compositions, exhibited internationally and gained many new followers to Vjeko's art. A maverick in the art world, Vjeko Sager leaves an indelible mark on present-day creativity.
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My first impressions on this image are amazing in a away, by this I mean these images don’t tell a story but you can infer your own one from them. For example in this image i see 2 penguins at the top which I know other people will have different interpretations of what they see. I have sourced this image from the artists website (vjekosager.com/antimatter) in which he shows many images with this style. This image has a very unique style as it consists off of cuts in paper which is used as the subject of the image as-well as the background for the image which is a good use of the limited space the cameras field of view. This image may be trying to tell some sort of a story or may have a deeper meaning behind it but the only way to know would be to really think about the different ideas this could present. ----------------------------------------------------------- |
Picture experimentation
Evaluation
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My first impressions of these images I took are that they are authentic, by this I mean I've seen images such as these but you will never have 2 of the same images made by separate people as you can have an infinite amount of shapes cut out on paper. I would say its quite abstract as the patterns done show a sort of meaning that I just cant describe. Another interesting fact that I think should be mentioned is the shadows forming a secondary image, by this I mean that it is adding an even deeper meaning to an abstract image having many meanings.
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My first impressions of these images I took are that they are authentic, by this I mean I've seen images such as these but you will never have 2 of the same images made by separate people as you can have an infinite amount of shapes cut out on paper. I would say its quite abstract as the patterns done show a sort of meaning that I just cant describe. Another interesting fact that I think should be mentioned is the shadows forming a secondary image, by this I mean that it is adding an even deeper meaning to an abstract image having many meanings.
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research on Francis bruguiere
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Francis Bruguiere is an Amercian photographer who was born in San Francisco that does many different kinds of photography from doing theatre photography to his own style of photographic abstractions using cut paper as an engraving of designs. His work consisted off of images such as the examples that I have added in the gallery above. In his early life he moved to London in 1927 where he co-created his first British abstract film called "Light Rhythms" with another person called Oswell Blakeston. But after that he returned to doing painting before he started on his journey of photographs.
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Francis Bruguiere is an Amercian photographer who was born in San Francisco that does many different kinds of photography from doing theatre photography to his own style of photographic abstractions using cut paper as an engraving of designs. His work consisted off of images such as the examples that I have added in the gallery above. In his early life he moved to London in 1927 where he co-created his first British abstract film called "Light Rhythms" with another person called Oswell Blakeston. But after that he returned to doing painting before he started on his journey of photographs.
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EvaluationMy first impressions of this image are that it is very more abstract than what they are presented as. The reason I chose the write about this image is because of the absence of detail which I personally really like as all of the images these days have too much detail whereas on this specific one you can focus on the minor details without being distracted which useless. This abstract cut-paper image shows many things that not everyone may notice, such as the way the light shows up from a what seems to be a crack in the paper as it shows up as light rays. I personally see a heart shape which may be seen by other people too.
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Own images
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My gut instincts about the images that I have taken are what I'd call unique in its ways. By this I mean that these images may share a similar detail but they actually all have a different variation. The reason I chose to use these images is because not all of them are in focus which I like in an image as they can show hidden details that are sometimes missed if its too focused on an object/ subject.
From these abstract images I interpret a person in a cave but others would/could see a more deeper meaning. One person I've asked said they interpret a man with no head. This shows that the only thing stopping people from viewing the same story is the limitation of their imagination.
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My gut instincts about the images that I have taken are what I'd call unique in its ways. By this I mean that these images may share a similar detail but they actually all have a different variation. The reason I chose to use these images is because not all of them are in focus which I like in an image as they can show hidden details that are sometimes missed if its too focused on an object/ subject.
From these abstract images I interpret a person in a cave but others would/could see a more deeper meaning. One person I've asked said they interpret a man with no head. This shows that the only thing stopping people from viewing the same story is the limitation of their imagination.
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The reason for me choosing this image to evaluate is because of the more directed lights source, almost looks like a spotlight. In this image you can barely see the figure which is really hidden but if you can see it, that shows how much detail this image really has even though it is not fully in focus. The light source was a torch with a piece of a yellow pen that was somewhat transparent. The pen piece was used to concentrate the light a bit more at the abstractly cut-paper.
This image contains a crumpled, ripped, cut paper that was then shaped into a mountain like shape.If I could change one thing about this image, it would be the angle of the paper as it had some greater detail at another angle. |
my images
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On photoshop, I have changed my image to black and white and have adjusted the contrast and brightness.
To improve the image, I have adjusted the contrast and brightness to reverse the shadow with the light.
With the next image, I'd like to slightly adjust the hue of the image to make more color come through rather than having plain black and white.
In general I really like my images and I wouldn’t change anything.
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On photoshop, I have changed my image to black and white and have adjusted the contrast and brightness.
To improve the image, I have adjusted the contrast and brightness to reverse the shadow with the light.
With the next image, I'd like to slightly adjust the hue of the image to make more color come through rather than having plain black and white.
In general I really like my images and I wouldn’t change anything.
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Paper cut abstractions
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My first impressions of these photos are intriguing, the reason for the use of this word is because of how they have a-lot of depth as well as having a lack of detail. In my opinion these photos are quite authentic while still being inspired by Francis Bruguiere's art.
I took these photo on the 21st of November and if I could change anything, I would make the shadows have more depth. To achieve the colors that are presented above, I've blended red with a light purple for one of them and blue and a pink-ish color to achieve the other. This resulted to a nice blend of colors to where they are well contrasted.
Overall I wouldnt change much other than making the shadows more sharp to give it a sharper look.
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My first impressions of these photos are intriguing, the reason for the use of this word is because of how they have a-lot of depth as well as having a lack of detail. In my opinion these photos are quite authentic while still being inspired by Francis Bruguiere's art.
I took these photo on the 21st of November and if I could change anything, I would make the shadows have more depth. To achieve the colors that are presented above, I've blended red with a light purple for one of them and blue and a pink-ish color to achieve the other. This resulted to a nice blend of colors to where they are well contrasted.
Overall I wouldnt change much other than making the shadows more sharp to give it a sharper look.
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Chasing light
Sculptures
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My first impressions on my sculpture are amazed on how well it came out, by this I mean that i expected it to not be as good as it came out. The reason for this is because my idea was quite hard to replicate onto paper because of the pattern I wanted to have. I wanted to have a snake skin like look on the right side which i perfected almost perfectly to how I intended for it to look. On the left hand side, the human like figure is there to make the viewer question the deeper meaning on the sculpture.
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My first impressions on my sculpture are amazed on how well it came out, by this I mean that i expected it to not be as good as it came out. The reason for this is because my idea was quite hard to replicate onto paper because of the pattern I wanted to have. I wanted to have a snake skin like look on the right side which i perfected almost perfectly to how I intended for it to look. On the left hand side, the human like figure is there to make the viewer question the deeper meaning on the sculpture.
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Light painting
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I find the idea of light painting somewhat fun and quite interesting. The technique is very different compared to different photography where you mostly want the shutter to open and close as fast as it can to get a quick image rather than having a long period of time when its open to let a lot of light in. There are a lot of different good examples of well made light paintings such as the images above. I chose these three images as they all use different yet unique ideas for a simple yet complicated look.
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I find the idea of light painting somewhat fun and quite interesting. The technique is very different compared to different photography where you mostly want the shutter to open and close as fast as it can to get a quick image rather than having a long period of time when its open to let a lot of light in. There are a lot of different good examples of well made light paintings such as the images above. I chose these three images as they all use different yet unique ideas for a simple yet complicated look.
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video reviewIn this video there is allot of key information to consider when taking these images. One thing to consider is if your room is suitable to take these photo sensitive images, for your room to be suitable you need to have a almost pitch black room for the best results. The second is what camera settings you use, you will need a long shutter speed (I used 15 seconds) to give you the most freedom with how much you can draw, you also should see what iso you should use, i recommend a really low iso of 100 to 200 for the light to not be too strong.
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My light painting results
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I chose to use these images as I think they show a somewhat wide contrast of whats possible with this technique. My first impressions are that I'm surprised on how well some of them turned out. At first we used a shutter speed of 10 and we noticed that its too short to use for the images we wanted to make so we increased it to a shutter speed of 20 which is the how I've made my name. The reason for using a slow shutter speed is to let as much light light in as we want because if its a fast shutter then we have only a couple milliseconds to draw which wouldn't me enough time. We also has a low ISO for a less strong light input, the reason this works is the ISO makes the sensor less sensitive to light.
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I chose to use these images as I think they show a somewhat wide contrast of whats possible with this technique. My first impressions are that I'm surprised on how well some of them turned out. At first we used a shutter speed of 10 and we noticed that its too short to use for the images we wanted to make so we increased it to a shutter speed of 20 which is the how I've made my name. The reason for using a slow shutter speed is to let as much light light in as we want because if its a fast shutter then we have only a couple milliseconds to draw which wouldn't me enough time. We also has a low ISO for a less strong light input, the reason this works is the ISO makes the sensor less sensitive to light.
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Photogram Research
Photograms are a form of camera-less photography where objects are placed directly onto photosensitive material, typically light-sensitive paper, and exposed to light. The most crucial thing to think about in making photograms is the careful arrangement of objects, control of exposure time. One prominent photographer known for pioneering photograms is Man Ray, a key figure in the Dada and Surrealist movements. To create photograms, you'll need a darkroom equipped with an enlarger (a simple machine that controls the amount of light let out for a selected time and how strong it is), trays for chemicals, light-sensitive paper, and objects for composing your image. The process involves placing objects on the photosensitive paper, exposing it to light (using the enlarger) , and then developing and fixing the image through chemical baths.
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Darkroom Prints
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I really like the way these images came out as you can see the contrast of the black and white shades throughout the test trips changing for a more desirable balance. I've done a dozen test strips to get a perfect contrast and I stuck with a 3 second exposure time and a aperture of 5.6 for the perfect ratio of dark and light shades. The process of developing these images was definitely my favourite part as its the moment where you find out whether you redo the whole process of if you have achieved the goal. To get these images we used enlargers which flash a light for a set amount of time onto its base.
Overall I'm satisfied with my results.
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I really like the way these images came out as you can see the contrast of the black and white shades throughout the test trips changing for a more desirable balance. I've done a dozen test strips to get a perfect contrast and I stuck with a 3 second exposure time and a aperture of 5.6 for the perfect ratio of dark and light shades. The process of developing these images was definitely my favourite part as its the moment where you find out whether you redo the whole process of if you have achieved the goal. To get these images we used enlargers which flash a light for a set amount of time onto its base.
Overall I'm satisfied with my results.
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ARTIST RESEARCH
LIGHT as a subject
Johny pitts-----------------------------------------------------------
Jonny Pitts is a photographer, writer, and broadcast journalist who's born in Sheffield who has a very simple yet complicated style. All of these pictures I've chosen are in black and white which shows a contrast of the different tones that there is. My favourite part of these photos is how they all focus on at least one target, by this i mean there is at least one person in focus on each image. I found these images on Jonny Pitta website under the title "Afropean". These images show a wide contrast of shadows and "ambient" lights (top left image). Overall I like this style of photography and would like do recreate some of these as they also can show a story. ----------------------------------------------------------- |
My images inspired by johny pitts
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These photos have been taken in the lee area near the train-station where me I've gone out at 8pm to take these for a high contrast of black and white shades. After I chose these out of just over 150 images, I took them into photoshop to change them into black and white. As stated in the text above, I recreated one of the images with a person as the subject which I like because it gave a little bit more freedom as there was more than one thing I could focus on. Overall I'm satisfied on how these pictures turned out. Below are the final results:
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These photos have been taken in the lee area near the train-station where me I've gone out at 8pm to take these for a high contrast of black and white shades. After I chose these out of just over 150 images, I took them into photoshop to change them into black and white. As stated in the text above, I recreated one of the images with a person as the subject which I like because it gave a little bit more freedom as there was more than one thing I could focus on. Overall I'm satisfied on how these pictures turned out. Below are the final results:
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fINAL PIECE
To achieve this Still motion video, I have uploaded 8 of my images onto premier pro on which I made the pictures a couple seconds long before they "dissolve" to the next image. After that I added sounds that play throughout the image's appearance until it crossfades to the next sounds and image.